Monday, March 2, 2015

News from Laos and an U/S Project with Patricia & Junaid



Posted on behalf of Patricia Hickey (PL3) and Junaid Niazi (MP3)

Sabaidee from Laos!

Junaid and I are halfway through our rotation working with local Pediatric residents. Our role is to discuss patients with the residents and teach, as well as learn. These residents are completing 3-year residency programs developed by Health Frontiers, a group based out of the US. The residents are supervised on the wards by excellent Lao teachers, as they call attendings, and are also supported in their education by the Health Frontiers coordinator, currently a congenial Australian pediatrician. Visitors like us come from countries all over the world to contribute and learn. The Lao teachers are more patient with random foreigners coming to teach than I think we might be in the US. They trained at a time when resources were even more limited and the country was much more isolated from the rest of the global medical community but they are very competent and experienced. The mob of white coats on rounds is even more impressive here than at St. Paul Childrens as there are more trainees per team here. So there is plenty of teaching to go around...for the most part. This week it turns out most of the residents are attending seminars given by German Neonatologists so there is less for us to do. We cant participate in patient care directly because we dont speak Lao and dont have Lao medical licenses.


Rounding

We arrive at the hospital in the morning after the residents have completed their morning report (in Lao) and most of their rounding. They are usually busy filling out fairly extensive paper charts and writing paper orders, which parents take to the pharmacy/radiology/etc to pay for each item of care ahead of time, be it an X-ray or antibiotic. The residents take turns presenting interesting cases to us - which as far as we are concerned is all of the cases. Even if its something we've typically seen, such as gastroenteritis, there are always discussions to be had about different management in areas with different epidemiology and different resources. Many of the cases have been especially interesting because they represent very late manifestations and advanced disease. There tends to be an additional element of mystery because of the frequent lack of diagnostic tools available. I think sometimes we have had the benefit of correlating history and physical more closely with diagnoses because of the extensive workups our patients have in the US. For example, here they may never know that a patient has Tetrology of Fallot because there is no Pediatric Cardiologist in the hospital and if the patient is too sick to be transported to radiology she wont get an echo. There is a 6 month old baby here who I suspect has TOF but his last echocardiogram (performed by an adult Radiologist) months ago was read as large ASD which would not explain why he is in heart failure and has a palpable thrill.

The hospital

Resources here are changing frequently as Laos is a country in the midst of change. Construction surrounds us at every corner, from before dawn to well past sunset. We eat croissants for breakfast, walk to work dodging streams of shiny cars, and blend in with crowds of backpackers on our way to the hospital where there is minimal air-conditioning. Where you can be intubated but cannot obtain blood gases or portable chest X-rays. Where you can get a head CT but not an albuterol inhaler. Where we found a brand new ultrasound machine in the PICU untouched because no one was taught to use it. We have discussed the basics of bedside ultrasound with some of the residents and are working on a developing a how to guide, as well as planning several practice sessions. I am sure adoption of this technique will require much more reinforcement by people more qualified and more consistently present than we are but hopefully we have at least introduced the idea. This has the potential to be an incredibly valuable tool where portable imaging is not available and imaging in the Radiology department is not always affordable or attainable. We are grateful that we literally stumbled across this project and excited that several residents seem eager to learn bedside ultrasound. Before we leave Laos, we want to ensure that a procurement system is in place for ultrasound suppliesthe gel, photo paper for printing images, etc. If we can accomplish this, then we will have given back a tiny fraction of what we have gained from this experience. Until next time!

Patricia & Junaid

Junaid Niazi, MP3 & Patrica Hickey, PL3